Rotary drier



no. 623,388. Patented Apr. 18,1899.

J. WHITING &. J. G. BERGOUIST.

ROTARY DRIER.

Application filed Nov. 30, 1 898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets8heat l.

No. 623,388. Patented Apr. l8, |899.-

J. WHITING & J. G. BERGQUIST.

ROTARY DRIER.

(Application filed Nov. 30, 1898.)

3 sheets-sheei .(No Model.)

No. 623,388. Patented Apl l8, I899.

J. WHITING & J. G. BEBGHUIST.

ROTARY DRIER.

{Application filed Nov. 30., 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets8he'et 3.

U TTE STATES PATENT FFICE.

JASPER XVIIITING AND JOHN GOSTA BERGQUIST, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ROTARY DRIER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 623,388, dated April 18,1899.

Application filed November 30,1898. Serial No. 697,929. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that we, JASPERVVHITING and JOHN GOSTA BERGQUIST, residentsof Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Drums, of which thefollowing is hereby declared to be a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to an improved type of apparatus simple instructure, quickly built at low cost, and in operation both efficientand economic, being especially adapted for use in drying slag-sand orother substances which need to be treated in large bulk.

The nature of the improvements will appear in detail from thedescription following and be more exactly pointed out by claims at theconclusion thereof.

On the drawings which accompany, like parts bearing like designationthroughout, Figure 1 is a viewin longitudinal central section,displaying one form of apparatus to embody the invention; Fig.1, adiagrammatic cross-section View to indicate the path traversed by thecharge while under treatment; Figs. 1 and 1, like diagrammatic viewsexhibiting for comparison different systems of shelf constructiondistinctiveof the invention; Fig. 2, a cross-section View, on enlargedscale,'at mid-line of the drum; Figs. 2 and 2 elevation views ofopposite ends of the drum; Fig. 2, a detail section view of the joint atthe confronting free ends of the set of shelves; Fig. 3, a view inlongitudinal central section, displaying a series of inclined guides aslocated at the shelf and means for simultaneously changing the inclineof said guides; Fig. 3, an enlarged cross-section View on line 23 3 ofFig. 3, and Fig.3 an enlarged detail view in longitudinal section at oneend of the apparatus, Fig. 3.

In the fornlhere shown the rotary drum consists of a long cylinder A,encompassed near its endsby the usual supporting-rings a. The rings restupon companion rolls b c, mounted in journal-boxes at opposite sides ofbedframe 13. The cylinder A may be stoutly made of boiler-plate and bejacketed with asbestos, felt, or other non-conductor, if desired.

The bed or base 13 may conveniently consist of T-rails stoutly united toconstitute a rectangular skeleton frame extended beneath the machine andby supplemental stringers or cross-rails at desired locations aifordingsuitable points'of attachment for the journal-boxes of rolls be andother overlying parts of the machine structure. The axle of one of therolls Z) is extended through its journal-box, as shown at far side inFig. 1, and'is furnished at one end with sprocket 61, connected byproper chain with the drive: shaft or other source of power and at itsopposite end connected by sprocket d and cross-chain (1 extended beneaththe main drum, Fig. 2, with like sprocket carried by counter-shaft e.Said counter-shaft is sustained in bearings on frame B and projects beyond one end thereof to operate by chain and sprocket the auger f andfeed-hopper g.

Feed-hopper g is of familiar construction, carried at the outer face ofthe tight flue-box O, which latter is supported by legs h from thebase-frame and is designed to snugly receive the open end ofdrum-cylinder A. Terminal t' at the top of the flue-box affords exit forgases, &c., emerging from the drum and by pipe or like connection maylead the waste products into some convenient chimney-stack or chamber. Acompanion box D, carried by legs 7.; on the base-frame, receives theopposite open end of the drum-cylinder A and,

as here shown, is furnished with a central throat or inlet Z, (made fireresistant, if desired,) through which the oil-flame or like gases may beprojected into the interior of the apparatus, to proceedthence bycylinder A and flue-box 0 into chimney-exit t'. A hopper-like vent Z inthe bottom of box D allows the material to escape from the apparatus indue course after the treatment is finished. The box D may be suppliedwith door m and sight-holes, n Fig. 2, for ready access or in--spection, if desired.

As thus far set forth the details of structure are much the same as inother types of apparatus similar in kind and now in familiar use. Thedistinctive feature of the invention lies in the main inv the peculiarorganization of the shelves arranged within the drum-cylinder A.

In the form shown by Figs. 1 and 2 the shelves 10 are four in number,composed of stout sheet-metal plates extended lengthwise of the cylinderand fastened by angle-bars or the like 11 at equidistant points on thebody of the cylinder. Shelves 10 project radially inward and terminatevery nearly in confact with each other, confronting edges of the shelvesbeing secured at intervals by angleone shelf duringrotation of the drumon attaining the critical angle characteristic of the materialundertreatmentto discharge the divided portion carried by the shelf andpermit such portion to fall upon the opposite or companion shelf, bywhich it is temporarily retained. Thus, as appears at Fig. 2, if thedrum interior be, e. 1, four feet in diameter, the confronting edges ofthe shelves may advantageously terminate at the corners of, e. g., atwo-inch square (see cross-section, Fig. 2) should the material undertreatment be slagsand, 6. g., of eight mesh. The course of rotationbeing denoted by the arrow, Fig. 2, it is plain that the upper shelf atthe left has passed the critical angle and has nearly completed thedischarge of its divided portion, which is being received in turn by thelower shelf at the right. The lower shelf at the left correspondinglysustains its separate portion of the full charge, and it becomesmanifest that the burden rests equally distributed on opposite sides ofthe axis in balanced relation, bringing even duty practically at alltimes onto the supporting-rolls b and markedly reducing the amount ofpower necessary to drive the drum.

The advantage just detailed is an incident due to the peculiar relationwhich the shelves sustain to each other and could not ensue if thesewere so short in radial depth as to prevent the gravity delivery of eachdivided portion in succession from side to side across the center ontothe companion shelf of the set.

While the drawing Fig. 2 shows the critical angle for the upperleft-hand shelf to be attained at above forty-five degrees, (in whichevent the shelves become radial planes,) it is obvious that the radialposition is not always requisite, but may be departed from and theshelves be set symmetrically at greater or lesser inclination in keepingwith the critical angle distinctive of the material under treatment.This last consideration will also perinit the distance apart of theconfronting edges of the shelves to be varied. Instead of two inches, asin the example stated, the distance may be greater, particularlyif theshelf inclination be likewise changed. Modifications of such sort do noteifect a departure from the invention if the result still be todistribute the burden evenly and to pass it in successive portions fromside to side by gravity shift across the center.

The sinuous. path descibed by the divided 1 portions during rotation inshifting from side to side across the drum is indicated by the diagramFig. 1. If the point of departure be taken as at 14, then before thematerial again reaches 15 on its return the traverse followed therebywill have been as marked by the dotted lines, from which view it isplain that any given portionpasses throughout from compartment tocompartment successively and is not only tumbled over and over at eachstage, but contacts eventually with both faces of the several shelvesand acquires Whatever influence of heat (or cold) is to be thencederived.

If inlet-throat Z for the gases instead of central delivery, as shown atFigs. 1 and 2 be located above in position opposite the uppercompartment, as indicated by dotted line, Fig. 2, it is manifest thatthe gases emerging thence may pass from end to end of the drum and yetbe virtually excluded from any direct con tact with the charge.Especially so should the shelves be arranged in six-set, as denoted byFig. 1, since in such arrangement any given portion of the charge willhave run from the upper to the lower pocket before the selectedcompartment becomes coincident with the gas-inlet. This provision mayprove of high advantage should the charge be liable to injuryfrom anydirect exposure to the circulating gases. lVere the drum set at anincline, the tendency would be to advance the charge along the cylinderand to permit its escape in successive portions at the exit in keepingwith the degree of inclination and with the talus established by thematerial at hopper-vent Z. lVhen the machine is set horizontally, asshown by the drawings, the progressive advance of the charge through thedrum is accomplished by means of the guides 15, secured at regularintervals to each shelf and inclined from the inner drum periphery indirection toward the outlet. The steeper the incline the more rapid willbe the advance of the charge at any given rate of rotation for the drum.Spreader 16 on the outlet end of the shelves prevents the prematureescape of the divided portions of the charge there located.

To vary at will the pitch of guides 15, it is feasible to pivot these totheir shelf, as at 17, Fig. 8, and to provide an adjusting-bar 18 commonto all of the guides. The bar will extend lengthwise of the cylinderandbe secured in desired position by aid of plate-19 and set-bolt 20, Fig.3 or other suitable expedient. On shift of bar 18 the whole series ofguides 15 assumes a new incline, and thus without varying the speed ofthe drum the advance of the charge may be expedited or retarded, as theoperator desires.

Besides its use as a drier the machine may be employed with likeadvantage for roasting ores, coffee, peanuts, &c. If cold air beadmitted at inlet-throat Z in lieu of hot com- ICC bustion-gases, it isseen that the device lends itself to the quick cooling of variousmaterials. By loading the air-supply with atomized water or other vaporsthese can be caused to deposit in part, and thus effect an evenmoistening of the charge. Sugar or the like fragile material can betossed from side to side to effect granulation, even though no drying beattempted.

The dimensions hereinbefore stated respecting the diameter of the drumand the near relation of the shelves were given simply in way ofillustration to better instruct the skilled mechanic and are not to betaken as exclusive or in any wise as limitations.

Obviously the details of structure can be varied accordingto themechanics skill without departure from the essentials of theimprovement.

Having thus described our invention, What we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination with the rotary drum having suitable inlet and exitfor the charge, of the set of longitudinal shelves, oppositely projectedin offset pairs from the drum-wall and extended nearly to the drum-axiswhereby the charge may shift by gravity fall in divided portionssuccessively from side to side in balanced relation across the centerduring rotation of the drum, substantially as described.

The combination with the rotary drum having suitable inlet and exit forthe charge, of the set of longitudinal shelves having in clined guidesthereon; said shelves being oppositely projected in offset pairs fromthe drum-wall and extended nearly to the druma xis whereby the chargemay shift by gravity the drum-Wall at symmetrically opposite.

places and terminating barely short of the axis of the drum so as tonearly overlap Whereby the charge may shift by gravity fall in dividedportions successively from side to side in balanced relation across thecenter and progressively advance toward'the exit during rotation of thedrum, substantially as described.-

4. The combination with the rotary drum having opposite inlet and outletfor the charge and ports at opposite ends in the top portion of saiddrum for entry and exit of the gases,

of the set'of longitudinal shelves extended from the drum-wall nearly tothe central line thereof, and in symmetrically opposite position wherebythe charge may shift by gravity fall in divided portions successivelyfrom side to side in balanced relation across the center during rotationof the drum and the gases pass through the drum along the upper pocketwithout direct contact with the charge, substantially as described.

- JASPER WHITING.

J. GOSTA BERGQUIST. lVitnesses: GEORGE P. FISHER, J12, ALBERTA ADAMICK.

